Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) – Complete Industrial Description

Type: Inorganic Polymer Coagulant
Chemical Formula: [Al₂(OH)ₙCl₆₋ₙ]ₘ
Appearance: Yellowish Powder / Liquid
Application: Drinking Water Treatment, Wastewater Treatment, Industrial Effluent Treatment, Paper Industry, Textile Industry

Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) is an advanced and highly efficient inorganic polymer coagulant widely used in water treatment and purification processes. It is designed to remove suspended solids, colloidal particles, organic impurities, and turbidity from water, producing clear, safe, and high-quality treated water.

Compared to traditional coagulants such as alum (aluminium sulfate), PAC offers superior performance, faster floc formation, lower sludge production, and higher efficiency at lower dosage levels. Due to these advantages, PAC has become a preferred choice in modern municipal water treatment plants, industrial wastewater systems, and various process industries.

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Product Overview

Poly Aluminium Chloride is produced through controlled polymerization of aluminium salts under specific conditions, resulting in a highly active coagulant with superior charge neutralization properties.

It is available in both powder and liquid forms, depending on application requirements. The product contains a mixture of polymeric aluminium species that enhance coagulation efficiency and improve water clarification performance.

PAC is widely used in both small-scale and large-scale water treatment systems due to its high effectiveness and cost efficiency.

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Chemical and Physical Properties

PAC has unique chemical characteristics that make it highly effective in water treatment applications.

• Chemical Formula: [Al₂(OH)ₙCl₆₋ₙ]ₘ
• Appearance: Yellowish powder or clear liquid
• Solubility: Completely soluble in water
• pH Range: Effective in wide pH conditions
• Charge Type: Highly positive (cationic)
• Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions

Its high positive charge density allows it to neutralize negatively charged impurities in water effectively.

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Working Principle

PAC works on the principle of coagulation and flocculation.

Mechanism:

1. Neutralization of Charges
   Suspended particles in water carry negative charges. PAC neutralizes these charges.
2. Particle Aggregation
   Neutralized particles begin to clump together to form micro-flocs.
3. Floc Formation
   These micro-flocs combine to form larger, heavier flocs.
4. Sedimentation
   The heavy flocs settle down quickly, leaving clear water above.

This process significantly improves water clarity and quality.

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Applications in Water Treatment

PAC is extensively used in water purification systems.

Drinking Water Treatment

• Removes turbidity and suspended particles
• Improves water clarity and safety
• Reduces organic contaminants
• Enhances filtration efficiency

Wastewater Treatment

• Treats industrial effluents
• Removes harmful impurities
• Reduces chemical oxygen demand (COD)
• Improves discharge quality

Sewage Treatment

• Removes suspended solids
• Reduces odor and color
• Improves biological treatment efficiency

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Industrial Applications

PAC is widely used across various industries beyond water treatment.

Paper Industry

• Improves paper brightness
• Enhances retention of fillers
• Increases paper strength
• Improves drainage efficiency

Textile Industry

• Removes impurities from process water
• Improves dyeing quality
• Enhances fabric finishing

Chemical Industry

• Acts as a process clarifier
• Improves reaction purity
• Assists in separation processes

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Advantages of Poly Aluminium Chloride

PAC offers several advantages over traditional coagulants:

✔ High coagulation efficiency
✔ Faster floc formation
✔ Works in low dosage
✔ Reduced sludge generation
✔ Effective over wide pH range
✔ Better water clarity
✔ Cost-effective solution
✔ Improved filtration performance
✔ Suitable for all water conditions

These benefits make PAC a modern and efficient water treatment solution.

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Comparison with Alum (Aluminium Sulfate)

Compared to traditional alum:

• PAC requires lower dosage
• Produces less sludge
• Works faster in coagulation
• Performs better in cold water
• Provides clearer water output
• More stable across pH variations

Due to these advantages, PAC is increasingly replacing alum in modern treatment plants.

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Storage and Handling

Proper storage is important to maintain product quality.

Guidelines:

• Store in a dry and cool place
• Keep away from moisture and humidity
• Use sealed packaging
• Avoid direct sunlight exposure
• Prevent contamination with other chemicals

For liquid PAC, corrosion-resistant containers are recommended.

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Safety Information

• Avoid direct skin and eye contact
• Use gloves and protective equipment
• Avoid inhalation of dust (for powder form)
• Wash thoroughly after handling
• Store away from incompatible chemicals

Proper safety measures ensure safe industrial usage.

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Environmental Benefits

PAC contributes to environmental protection by:

• Reducing water pollution
• Improving wastewater quality
• Lowering chemical sludge volume
• Supporting eco-friendly water treatment systems

It helps industries meet environmental compliance standards.

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Conclusion

Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) is a highly efficient and modern coagulant widely used in water treatment and industrial purification systems. Its superior coagulation performance, fast action, low dosage requirement, and wide pH adaptability make it one of the most reliable solutions for clean water production.

From drinking water treatment plants to industrial wastewater systems, PAC plays a crucial role in ensuring safe, clear, and high-quality water. Its efficiency and cost-effectiveness have made it a preferred choice in modern environmental and industrial applications worldwide.

Supplied By: Max Build Care
Quality Water Treatment & Industrial Chemical Solutions